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目的：探究学龄期儿童屈光状态与眼部生物学参数的分布特征并评估其相关性，以进一步加深对近视发生发展的认识。方法：选取2023年1—10月在启东市人民医院视光中心就诊的6～15岁学龄期儿童323例(646眼)，对所有儿童进行散瞳验光，使用综合验光仪确定等效球镜度(equivalent spherical power, SE)，眼部生物测量仪记录眼轴长度(axial length, AL)、角膜曲率(mean keratometry, Km)、角膜曲率半径(corneal curvature radius, CR)、前房深度(anterior chamber depth, ACD)、中央角膜厚度(central corneal thickness, CCT)等，计算眼轴角膜曲率半径比(axial length-to-corneal radius ratio, AL/CR)。分别根据年龄、性别、SE进行分组，比较不同组别间眼部生物学参数的特征。结果：323例学龄期儿童(646眼)中双眼近视273例，单眼近视21例，SE为(-1.61±1.64) D,AL为(24.05±1.17) mm,Km为(43.16±1.39) D,ACD为(3.77±0.26) mm,CCT为(552.86±31.71)μm。不同性别及不同年龄间屈光状态及各生物学参数差异均有统计学意义，不同屈光状态间AL、AL/CR、ACD差异有统计学意义。SE与AL、AL/CR、ACD均呈负相关(r=-0.624、-0.746、-0.243,均P<0.001);Km与AL呈负相关(r=-0.509, P<0.001)。结论：6～15岁学龄期儿童屈光状态集中在低度近视，不同性别、年龄间屈光状态及相关参数差异具有统计学意义，随近视屈光度增长，AL、AL/CR、ACD呈增高趋势。
Abstract：Objective: To investigate the distribution characteristics of refractive status and ocular biological parameters in school-age children and assess their correlation, in order to further deepen the understanding of the onset and progression of myopia. Methods: A total of 323 school-age children(646 eyes) who visited the Ophthalmology Center of Qidong People's Hospital from January to October 2023 were selected for mydriatic refraction. The equivalent spherical power(SE) was determined using a phoropter, and the axial length(AL), mean keratometry(Km), corneal curvature radius(CR), anterior chamber depth(ACD),central corneal thickness(CCT), etc. were recorded using an ocular biometer. The axial length-to-corneal radius ratio(AL/CR)was calculated. Participants were stratified into groups according to age, gender, and SE for comparative analysis of ocular biometric parameters across these subgroups. Results: Among 323 school-age children(646 eyes), 273 patients were diagnosed with bilateral myopia and 21 patients with unilateral myopia. The SE was(-1.61±1.64) D, AL was(24.05±1.17) mm, Km was(43.16±1.39) D, ACD was(3.77±0.26) mm, CCT was(552.86±31.71) μm. Significant differences in refractive status and various biological parameters among different genders and ages, with statistically significant variations in AL, AL/CR ratio, and ACD across different refractive status categories. Negative correlations were found between SE andAL, AL/CR, ACD(r=-0.624,-0.746,-0.243, all P<0.001); Km is negatively correlated with AL(r=-0.509, P<0.001). Conclusion: In this study, the refractive status of school-age children was predominantly characterized by mild myopia. Significant differences in refractive status and related biological parameters were observed among different genders and ages. As the refractive power of myopia increased,AL, AL/CR, and ACD showed an increasing trend.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.16424/j.cnki.cn32-1807/r.2025.06.007
中图分类号:R778.11
引用信息:
[1]花雯雯,方艺蓉,张铃烽,等.学龄期儿童屈光状态与眼部生物学参数的分布及相关性分析[J].南通大学学报(医学版),2025,45(06):544-548.DOI:10.16424/j.cnki.cn32-1807/r.2025.06.007.
基金信息:
南通市基础科学研究和社会民生科技计划指导性项目(MSZ2022056)